Identitas trigonometri
Mencari rumus sudut ganda sin(nα), cos(nα), tan(nα)
Dengan ini kita dapat menulis,
Tan 4α = tan2 (2α)
= 2 tan2A / (1- tan² 2α) ............ (1)
tan2α = 2tan α / (1- tan² α) ............... (2)
Padukan (2) dalam (1)
2 [2tan α / (1- tan² α)]
= -------------------------------------...
1- [2 Tan α / (1- tan²α)]²
4 Tan α / (1- tan²α)
= ----------------------------------------...
[(1- tan²α)² - 4tan²α]/(1-tan²α)²
[Salib multiply di penyebut, sekarang salah satu 1- tan²α akan dibatalkan]
4tan α
= ----------------------------------------...
[1 + tan⁴α - 2tan² α 4tan²α] / (1-tan²α)
Penyebut dari penyebut adalah pembilang
= 4tan α (1- tan²α) / [1 - 6tan²α + tan⁴α]
Tan 4α = (4 Tan α - 4 tan³α) / [1- 6tan²α + tan⁴α] (terbukti)
Mencari rumus sudut ganda sin(nα), cos(nα), tan(nα)
1)
Sin 2α = sin(α+α) =
sin α.cos α + cos α. sin α =
2.sin α.cos α
sin 2α = 2sin α.cos α (terbukti)
sin 2α = 2sin α.cos α (terbukti)
2)
Cos 2α = cos(α+α) =
cos²α - sin²α = cos²α -(1- cos²α) = cos²α -1+cos²α
cos
2α = 2cos²α - 1 (terbukti)
3)
Cos 2α = cos²α -
sin²α = (1 - sin²α) - sin²α = 1- sin²α - sin²α
cos 2α = 1-2sin²α (Terbukti)
cos 2α = 1-2sin²α (Terbukti)
4)
Cos 2α = cos(α+α) = cosα.cosα – sinα.sinα =
cos 2α = cos²α - sin²α (terbukti)
cos 2α = cos²α - sin²α (terbukti)
5)
Tan 2α = (tan α+
tan α)/(1- tan α. tan α)
Tan 2α= (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α) (terbukti)
Tan 2α= (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α) (terbukti)
6)
Tan 2α = sin 2α/cos
2α = (2sinα.cosα)/(cos²α - sin²α) = {2[(sinα.cosα)/cos²α]}/{(cos²α/cos²α)
- (sin²α/cos²α)} =
Tan 2α= (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α) (terbukti)
Tan 2α= (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α) (terbukti)
7)
Tan
2α = {2tanα}/(1-tan²α} = {2tanα(1/tanα)}/{(1-tan²α)(1/tanα)} = 2/{(1/tanα) –
(tan²α/tanα)} = 2/{cotα – tanα}
Tan 2α =
2/{cotα – tanα} (terbukti)
8)
Tan 2α
= 2/{cotα – tanα} = (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α) = {2cotα}/{cot²α – 1}
9)
Cosec 2α = 1/(sin 2α) = 1/(2sin α.cos α) =
1/2 csc α. sec α
Cosec 2α = 1/2 cosec α. sec α (Terbukti)
Cosec 2α = 1/2 cosec α. sec α (Terbukti)
10)
Sec 2α = 1/(cos 2α) = 1/(cos²α - sin²α) =
1/((1/sec²α)-(1/cosec²α))
= 1/((cosec²α-sec²α)/(sec²α.cosec²α))
= (sec²α . cosec²α)/(cosec²α-sec²α)
Sec 2α = (sec²α . cosec²α)/(cosec²α-sec²α) (Terbukti)
Sec 2α = (sec²α . cosec²α)/(cosec²α-sec²α) (Terbukti)
11)
cotan 2α = 1/ tan 2α = 1/ tan (α+α) = 1/
(2tan α/(1-2tan²α)) = 1-tan²α / 2 tanα
cotan 2α = 1-tan²α / 2 tanα
cotan 2α = 1-tan²α / 2 tanα
* lanjutan cotan 2α, = (1-(1/cot²α))/
(2.(1/cot α))
= (cot α.cotα -1)/ (cotα + cotα) = (cot²α -1 /cot²α) x (cot α/2)
= (cot α.cotα -1)/ (cotα + cotα) = (cot²α -1 /cot²α) x (cot α/2)
cotan 2α = (cot²α
-1)/(2 cot α) atau (1-tan²α)/(2tan α) atau (cot α-tanα)/2
(Terbukti)
12)
csc 2α = 1/sin2α =
(sin²α + cos²α)/(2sinα.cos α) = 1/2 tan α + cot α
13)
sec 2α =
sec(α+α) = (secα.secα)/(1-tanα.tanα) = (sec²α) / (1-tan²α)
sec2α = (sec²α)/(1-tan²α) atau (1+tan²α) / (1-tan²α)(terbukti)
sec2α = (sec²α)/(1-tan²α) atau (1+tan²α) / (1-tan²α)(terbukti)
14)
sec 2α = 1/{cos²α-sin²α} =
1/{2cos²α-1} = 1/{1-2sin²α}
15)
sec 2α = {sec²α}/{1-tan²α} =
{cosec²α}/{cot²α-1} = {1+tan²α}/{1-tan²α} = {1+cot²α}/{cot²α-1}
16)
cosec 2α = cosec (α+α) =
(cosecα.cosecα)/(cotan α+cotan α) = (cosec²α)/(2cot α)
cosec 2α = (cosec²α)/(2cot α) atau (cot²α + 1)/(2cot α) (terbukti)
cosec 2α = (cosec²α)/(2cot α) atau (cot²α + 1)/(2cot α) (terbukti)
17)
Cosec 2α = 1/{2sinαcosα} = {cosec²α}/{2cotα}
= sec²α/2tanα = {1+cot²α}/{2cotα} = {1+tan²α}/{2tanα}
18)
cotan 2α = cot(α+α) = (cot α.cot α -1) /
(cotα+cotα)
cotan 2α = (cot²α
-1) / (2 cot α) (terbukti)
19)
cotan 2α = {cotα – tanα}/2 =
{1-tan²α}/{2tanα} = {cot²α-1}/{2cotα}
20)
Sin 3α =
sin (α + 2α)
= sin α cos 2α + sin 2α cos α
= sin α (1 - 2 sin² α) + (2 sin α cos α) cos α
= sin α - 2 sin³ α + 2 sin α cos² α
= sin α - 2 sin³ α + 2 sin α (1 - sin² α)
Sin 3α = 3 sin α - 4 sin³ α (terbukti)
= sin α cos 2α + sin 2α cos α
= sin α (1 - 2 sin² α) + (2 sin α cos α) cos α
= sin α - 2 sin³ α + 2 sin α cos² α
= sin α - 2 sin³ α + 2 sin α (1 - sin² α)
Sin 3α = 3 sin α - 4 sin³ α (terbukti)
21)
Sin 3α = sin ( 2α + α)= sin 2α.cos α +
cos2α.sin α
= (2sin α.cos α)cos α +
(1-2.sin²α).sin α
= 2.sin α.cos² α + sin α - 2. sin³ α
= 2.sin α(1 – sin²α) + sin α –2.sin³α
= 2.sin α –2.sin ³α + sin α –2.sin ³α
= 2.sin α –2.sin ³α + sin α –2.sin ³α
Sin 3α =
3.sin α –4.sin³α (terbukti)
22)
Sin 3 α=
sin (2α+α)
= sin 2α cos α + cos 2α sin α
= 2 sin α cos α cos α + (1-2 sin² α) sin α
= 2 sin α cos²α + sin α - 2sin³ α
= 2 sin α(1 - sin²α) + sin α - 2sin³ α
= 2 sin α - 2sin³ α + sin α - 2sin³ α
Sin 3α = 3 sin α - 4 sin³ α (terbukti)
= sin 2α cos α + cos 2α sin α
= 2 sin α cos α cos α + (1-2 sin² α) sin α
= 2 sin α cos²α + sin α - 2sin³ α
= 2 sin α(1 - sin²α) + sin α - 2sin³ α
= 2 sin α - 2sin³ α + sin α - 2sin³ α
Sin 3α = 3 sin α - 4 sin³ α (terbukti)
23)
sin(3α) = sin(α +2 α) = sin(α) cos(2 α) + cos(α) sin(2 α)
= sin(α) (cos²( α) − sin²( α)) + cos(α){2 sin(α)cos(α)}
= sin(α) (cos²( α) − sin²( α)) + cos(α){2 sin(α)cos(α)}
= sin(α)cos²( α) − sin³( α)
+ 2 sin(α)cos²( α)
sin 3α =
3 sin(α)cos²( α) − sin³( α) (Terbukti)
24)
Sin 3α = 3cos²α.sinα – sin³α =
3(1-sin²α)sinα – sin³α = 3sinα – 4sin³α
25)
Cos 3α = cos³α – 3cosα.sin³α = cos³α
– 3cosα(1-cos²α) = 4cos³α – 3cosα
26)
Cos (3α) =
cos (2α + α)
= Cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) Sin α
= (2cos² α-1) Cos α - 2sin²αcosα
= 2cos³ α - Cos α - 2 (1-cos²α) Cos α
= 2cos³ α - Cos α - 2cos α + 2cos³α
Cos 3α = 4cos³A - 3cosA (Terbukti)
= Cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) Sin α
= (2cos² α-1) Cos α - 2sin²αcosα
= 2cos³ α - Cos α - 2 (1-cos²α) Cos α
= 2cos³ α - Cos α - 2cos α + 2cos³α
Cos 3α = 4cos³A - 3cosA (Terbukti)
27)
cos(3 α) = cos(α +2 α) = cos(α)cos(2 α) − sin(α)sin(2 α)
= cos(α) (cos²( α) − sin²( α)) − sin(α) * 2 sin(α)cos(α)
= cos³( α) − sin²( α)cos(α) − 2 sin²( α)cos(α)
= cos(α) (cos²( α) − sin²( α)) − sin(α) * 2 sin(α)cos(α)
= cos³( α) − sin²( α)cos(α) − 2 sin²( α)cos(α)
cos 3α = cos³( α)
− 3 sin²( α)cos(α) (terbukti)
28)
cosec 3α = 1/(sin 3α) = 1/(3sin α - 4sin³α) atau (cosec³α)/(3cot²α - 1)
29)
sec 3α = 1 /cos (3α) = 1 /(4cos³α - 3cosα) atau
(sec³α)/(1 - 3tan²α)
30)
Tan (3α) =
Tan (2α + α)
= (2tan α / (1-tan²α) + Tan α) / (1 - 2tan²α / (1-tan²α))
= (2tanα + Tan α (1-tan²α)) / ((1-tan²α) - 2tan²α)
= (2tanα + Tan α - tan³α) / (1 - 3tan²α)
Tan 3α = (3tan α - tan³α) / (1 - 3tan²α) (terbukti)
= (2tan α / (1-tan²α) + Tan α) / (1 - 2tan²α / (1-tan²α))
= (2tanα + Tan α (1-tan²α)) / ((1-tan²α) - 2tan²α)
= (2tanα + Tan α - tan³α) / (1 - 3tan²α)
Tan 3α = (3tan α - tan³α) / (1 - 3tan²α) (terbukti)
31)
Tan 3α =
sin 3α / cos 3α
= Sin (2α+α)/cos (2α+α)
= [Sin 2αcos α + cos2α.sin α] / [cos2αcosα - sin2αsinα]
= [2sin α.cos²α + cos ²α.sin α - sin³α] / [cos³α - sin²α.cos α - 2sin²α.cos α]
= [3sin α.cos ²α - sin ³α] / [cos³α - 3sin²α. cos α]
Membagi pembilang dan penyebut dengan cos ³α untuk mendapatkan:
= [3sin α. cos²α/cos³α - sin³α/cos³α]/[cos³α/cos³α - 3sin²α.cosα/cos³α]
= [3sin α / Cos α - tan ³α] / [1 - 3sin²α/cos²α]
Tan 3α = [3tan α - tan ³α] / [1 - 3tan ²α] (terbukti)
= Sin (2α+α)/cos (2α+α)
= [Sin 2αcos α + cos2α.sin α] / [cos2αcosα - sin2αsinα]
= [2sin α.cos²α + cos ²α.sin α - sin³α] / [cos³α - sin²α.cos α - 2sin²α.cos α]
= [3sin α.cos ²α - sin ³α] / [cos³α - 3sin²α. cos α]
Membagi pembilang dan penyebut dengan cos ³α untuk mendapatkan:
= [3sin α. cos²α/cos³α - sin³α/cos³α]/[cos³α/cos³α - 3sin²α.cosα/cos³α]
= [3sin α / Cos α - tan ³α] / [1 - 3sin²α/cos²α]
Tan 3α = [3tan α - tan ³α] / [1 - 3tan ²α] (terbukti)
32)
Tan 3α = tan (2α+ α) = (tan 2α + tan α)/(1- tan 2
α.tan α)
= {[(2tan α)/(1-tan² α)]+ tan α}/{1-(2tan α/1-tan² α)(tan α)}
= {[(2tan α)/(1-tan² α)]+{[(1-tan² α)tan α]/(1-tan² α)}/{[(1-tan² α)/ (1-tan² α)]-[2tan² α/(1-tan² α)]}
= {[(2tan α + tan α - tan³α)/(1-tan²α)]/[(1-tan²α - 2tan²α)/(1 - tan²α)]}
= {2tan α + tan α - tan³ α}/{1 - tan² α - 2tan² α}
Tan 3α = {3tan α – tan³α}/{1-3tan²α} (Terbukti)
= {[(2tan α)/(1-tan² α)]+ tan α}/{1-(2tan α/1-tan² α)(tan α)}
= {[(2tan α)/(1-tan² α)]+{[(1-tan² α)tan α]/(1-tan² α)}/{[(1-tan² α)/ (1-tan² α)]-[2tan² α/(1-tan² α)]}
= {[(2tan α + tan α - tan³α)/(1-tan²α)]/[(1-tan²α - 2tan²α)/(1 - tan²α)]}
= {2tan α + tan α - tan³ α}/{1 - tan² α - 2tan² α}
Tan 3α = {3tan α – tan³α}/{1-3tan²α} (Terbukti)
33)
Tan 3α = sin 3α/cos 3α =
{3cos²α.sinα – sin³α}/{cos³α – 3cosαsin³α} = {3tanα – tan³α}/{1-3tan²α}
34)
Cot 3α = cos
3α/sin 3α = {cos³α – 3cosαsin³α}/{3cos²α.sinα – sin³α} = {cot³α – 3cot α}/{3cot²α – 1}
35)
Cotan 3α, ingat Tan 3α = {tanα + tan 2α}/{1 – tanα .tan 2α} = {(tan α+
2tanα)/(1 – tan²α)}/{(1 – tanα.2tanα)/(1 – tan²α)} = {tan α(1 – tan²α)+2tanα}/{1
– tan²α – 2tan²α} = {3tan α – tan³α}/{1 – 3tan²α} = {3 cot²α – 1}/{cot³α – 3cot
α}
Sehingga
Cot 3α = 1/tan3α = {cot³α – 3cot α}/{3 cot²α – 1} Terbukti
36)
Cotan 3α = cos(3 α)/sin(3 α)
= [4cos³(α) - 3cos(α)]/[3sin(α) -
4sin³(α)]
Membagi kedua pembilang dan penyebut dengan sin³(α)
= {4(cos³(α)/sin³(α)) - 3(cos(α)/sin³(α))}/{3(sin(α)/sin³(α))-4(sin³(α)/sin³(α))}
= {4cot³(α) - 3(cos(α)/sin(α))(1/sin²(α))}/{3(1/sin²(α)) - 4}
= [4cot³(α) - 3cot(α)csc²(α)]/[3csc²(α) - 4]
Ingat: csc²(α) - cot²(α) = 1, cot(α) = cos(α)/sin(α),
= [4cot³(α) - 3cot(α){1 + (cot²(α))}]/[3{1 + (cot²(α))} - 4]
Membagi kedua pembilang dan penyebut dengan sin³(α)
= {4(cos³(α)/sin³(α)) - 3(cos(α)/sin³(α))}/{3(sin(α)/sin³(α))-4(sin³(α)/sin³(α))}
= {4cot³(α) - 3(cos(α)/sin(α))(1/sin²(α))}/{3(1/sin²(α)) - 4}
= [4cot³(α) - 3cot(α)csc²(α)]/[3csc²(α) - 4]
Ingat: csc²(α) - cot²(α) = 1, cot(α) = cos(α)/sin(α),
= [4cot³(α) - 3cot(α){1 + (cot²(α))}]/[3{1 + (cot²(α))} - 4]
cotan
3α = [cot³(α) - 3cot(α)]/[3cot²(α) - 1]
cotan 3α = (3cotα -
cot³α)/ (1 - 3cot²α) atau (1 - 3tan²α)/ (3tan α - tan³α)
(terbukti)
37)
Cot (α+β+ς) = {Re (i+cot α)(i+cot β)(i+cot c)}/{Im
(i+cot α)(i+cot β)(i+cot c)}
=
{cotα.cotβ.cotς –
cotα – cotβ – cotς} / {cotα.cotβ +
cotα.cotς +
cotβ.cot ς
– 1}
Cot 3α = {cot³α – 3cot α}/ {3cot²α – 1} Terbukti
38)
Cot 3α = cot (2α+α)
Dalam tan α = 1/(tan (2α+α) = {1/(tan2α+tan α)}/{1-tan2α.tanα}
= (1-tan2α.tanα)/(tan 2α+tan α)
Dalam cot α = {1-(1/cot 2α)(1/cot α)}/{(1/cot 2α) + (1/cot
α)} = {(cot 2α.cot α – 1)/(cot 2α.cot α)}/{(cot α+cot 2α)/(cot 2α.cot α)} =
(cot 2α.cot α – 1)/(cot 2α + cot α)
Cot 3ɑ = (cot 2α.cot α – 1)/(cot
2α + cot α)
39)
Sin 4α =
sin 2(2α)
= 2 sin 2α cos 2α
= 2 * (2 sin α cos α) * (cos² α - sin² α)
sin 4α = 4 sin α cos³ α - 4 sin³ α cos α (terbukti)
= 2 sin 2α cos 2α
= 2 * (2 sin α cos α) * (cos² α - sin² α)
sin 4α = 4 sin α cos³ α - 4 sin³ α cos α (terbukti)
40)
sin 4a = 2sin 2α
cosα
= 2(2sinα.cosα)(1-2sin²α)
sin 4α = 4 sin α cos α - 8 sin³ α cos α (terbukti)
= 2(2sinα.cosα)(1-2sin²α)
sin 4α = 4 sin α cos α - 8 sin³ α cos α (terbukti)
41)
Sin
4α = 4cos³αsinα – 4 cosαsin³α = 4cosα(1-sin²α)sinα – 4cosαsin³α = 4cosα(sinα – 2sin³α)
42)
Cos
4α = cos⁴α – 6cos²αsin²α + sin⁴α = cos⁴α – 6cos²α(1 –
cos²α)+(1 – cos²α)² =
Cos
4α = 8cos⁴α
– 8cos²α + 1
43)
Cos 4α =
cos (2 ∙ 2α) = 2 cos² 2α - 1
= 2(2 cos²α - 1)² - 1
= 2(4 cos⁴α - 2 cos²α + 1) - 1
= 8 cos⁴α - 8 cos² α + 2 - 1
cos 4α = 8 cos⁴α – 8 cos² α + 1 (Terbukti)
= 2(2 cos²α - 1)² - 1
= 2(4 cos⁴α - 2 cos²α + 1) - 1
= 8 cos⁴α - 8 cos² α + 2 - 1
cos 4α = 8 cos⁴α – 8 cos² α + 1 (Terbukti)
44)
cos 4α = 1-2sin²2α =
1-2(2sinαcosα)² = 1-8sin²αcosα = 1-8sin²α(1-sin²α)
cos 4α = 1-8sin²α + 8sin⁴α (terbukti)
45)
cos 4α = cos (2α +2α) = cos 2α cos 2α – sin2α sin2α =
cos²2α – sin²2α
= (2cos²α – 1)² - (2sinαcosα)²
= 4cos⁴α – 4cos²α +1 – 4sin²αcos²α
= 4cos⁴α – 4cos²α +1 – 4(1 – cos²α) cos²α =
4cos⁴α – 4cos²α +1 – 4(cos²α - cos⁴α) =
4cos⁴α – 4cos²α +1 – 4cos²α +4cos⁴α
Cos 4α =
8cos⁴α – 8cos²α +1 (terbukti)
46)
cos 4 α = cos 2(2α) = cos² 2α - sin² 2α = (cos²α - sin²α)² - (2sin α.cos α)²
= cos⁴α - 2 sin²α cos²α + sin⁴α - 4 sin²α cos²α
= cos⁴α - 2 sin²α cos²α + sin⁴α - 4 sin²α cos²α
cos
4α = cos⁴α +
sin⁴α -
6 sin²α.cos²α
47)
Kita
tahu tan 2α = 2tan α / (1-tan²α)Dengan ini kita dapat menulis,
Tan 4α = tan2 (2α)
= 2 tan2A / (1- tan² 2α) ............ (1)
tan2α = 2tan α / (1- tan² α) ............... (2)
Padukan (2) dalam (1)
2 [2tan α / (1- tan² α)]
= -------------------------------------...
1- [2 Tan α / (1- tan²α)]²
4 Tan α / (1- tan²α)
= ----------------------------------------...
[(1- tan²α)² - 4tan²α]/(1-tan²α)²
[Salib multiply di penyebut, sekarang salah satu 1- tan²α akan dibatalkan]
4tan α
= ----------------------------------------...
[1 + tan⁴α - 2tan² α 4tan²α] / (1-tan²α)
Penyebut dari penyebut adalah pembilang
= 4tan α (1- tan²α) / [1 - 6tan²α + tan⁴α]
Tan 4α = (4 Tan α - 4 tan³α) / [1- 6tan²α + tan⁴α] (terbukti)
48)
Tan 4α = sin 4α/cos
4α = {4cos³αsinα – 4 cosαsin³α}/{cos⁴α – 6cos²αsin²α + sin⁴α}
Tan 4ɑ =
{4tanα – 4 tan³α}/{1-6tan²α + tan⁴α}
49)
Tan4α = ingat tan 2α =
{2tanα}/{1-tan²α} maka,
Tan4α = tan 2(2α) =
{2tan2α}/{1-tan²2α} = {2(2tan α/1-tan²α)}/[1-{2tan α/(1-tan²α)}²] = (4tan
α/(1-tan²α)) / [1-{4tan²α/(1-tan²α)²}] = {4tan α/(1-tan²α)} / [{(1-tan²α)² -
4tan²α}/(1-tan²α)²] = {4tan α (1-tan²α)}/{(1-tan²α)² - 4 tan²α} = {4tan α
(1-tan²α)}/{1+tan⁴α – 2tan²α – 4tan²α}
Tan 4ɑ = {4tan
α – 4tan³α}/{1 – 6tan²α +tan⁴α}
50)
Cot 4α = ingat
teorema de moivre dimana n integer
(cos α+isinα)ⁿ = cos (nα) + isin(nα)
→n = 4
Maka (cos α+isinα)⁴ = cos 4α + isin 4α
= cos⁴α + 4icos³αsinα - 6cos²αsin²α – 4i cosαsin³α + sin⁴α = {cos⁴α –
6cos²αsin²α + sin⁴α} + i{4cos³αsinα – 4 cosαsin³- }
Cotan 4α = cos 4α/sin 4α = {cos⁴α –
6cos²αsin²α + sin⁴α}/{4cos³αsinα – 4 cosαsin³α} = {(cos⁴α/sin⁴α) – (6cos²αsin²α/
sin⁴α)+(sin⁴α/sin⁴α)}/{4(cos³αsinα/sin⁴α) – 4(cosαsin³α/sin⁴α)}
cotan
4α = {cot⁴α – 6cot²α + 1}/{4cot³α – 4cotα}
51)
Sin 5α =
sin5α + sinα - sinα
= 2 sin3α cos2α - sinα
= 2 (3sinα - 4sin³ α) (1 - 2sin² α) - sinα
= 2 (8sin⁵ α - 10sin³ α + 3sinα) - sinα
Sin 5α = 16sin⁵ α - 20sin³ α + 5sinα (Terbukti)
= 2 sin3α cos2α - sinα
= 2 (3sinα - 4sin³ α) (1 - 2sin² α) - sinα
= 2 (8sin⁵ α - 10sin³ α + 3sinα) - sinα
Sin 5α = 16sin⁵ α - 20sin³ α + 5sinα (Terbukti)
52)
Sin 5α =
sin(4α + α) = sin4α cosα + cos4α sinα
= 2 sin2α cos2α cosα + (1 - 2sin² 2α) sinα
= 4sinα cosα cos2α cosα + sinα - 2sin² α sinα
= 4 sinα cos² α (1 - 2sin² α) + sinα - 2 (2sinα cosα)² sinα
= 4 sinα (1 - sin² α) (1 - 2sin² α) + sinα - 2 (4sin² α cos² α) sinα
= 4 sinα (1 - 3 sin² α + 2sin⁴ α) + sinα - 2 [4 sin³ α * (1 - sin² α)]
= 4 sinα - 12sin³ α + 8sin⁵ α + sinα - 8sin³ α + 8 sin⁵ α
Sin 5α = 16 sin⁵ α - 20 sin³ α + 5 sinα. (Terbukti)
= 2 sin2α cos2α cosα + (1 - 2sin² 2α) sinα
= 4sinα cosα cos2α cosα + sinα - 2sin² α sinα
= 4 sinα cos² α (1 - 2sin² α) + sinα - 2 (2sinα cosα)² sinα
= 4 sinα (1 - sin² α) (1 - 2sin² α) + sinα - 2 (4sin² α cos² α) sinα
= 4 sinα (1 - 3 sin² α + 2sin⁴ α) + sinα - 2 [4 sin³ α * (1 - sin² α)]
= 4 sinα - 12sin³ α + 8sin⁵ α + sinα - 8sin³ α + 8 sin⁵ α
Sin 5α = 16 sin⁵ α - 20 sin³ α + 5 sinα. (Terbukti)
53)
Cos 5α =
cos 5α + cosα - cosα
= 2 cos3α cos2α - cosα
= 2 (4cos³ α - 3cosα) (2cos² α - 1) - cos α
= 2 (8cos⁵α - 10cos³ α + 3cos α) - cos α
Cos 5α = 16cos⁵ α - 20cos³ α + 5cosα (terbukti).
= 2 cos3α cos2α - cosα
= 2 (4cos³ α - 3cosα) (2cos² α - 1) - cos α
= 2 (8cos⁵α - 10cos³ α + 3cos α) - cos α
Cos 5α = 16cos⁵ α - 20cos³ α + 5cosα (terbukti).
54)
Cos
5α = cos(2α +3α) = cos 2α.cos 3α – sin 2α.sin 3α = (2cos²α –
1) (4cos³α -3cosα) – 2sinα.cosα (3sinα – 4sin³α) = 8cos⁵α - 10cos³α + 3cosα – 6cosαsin²α +8cosαsin⁴α = 8cos⁵α
- 10cos³α + 3cosα – 6cosα(1-cos²α)
+ 8cos(1-cos²α)²
= 8cos⁵α - 10cos³α + 3cosα –
6cosα
+ 6cos³α + 8cos -16cos³α +8cos⁵α,
Cos 5α =
16cos⁵ α - 20cos³ α + 5cosα
55)
Cos 5α = cos(2α +3α) = cos(2 α)cos(3 α) -
sin(2 α)sin(3 α)
= (cos²α −sin²α) (cos³α −3sin²α cos α) − 2sin α cos α (3sin α cos² α −sin³ α)
= cos⁵α − 3sin² α cos³ α − sin² α cos³ α + 3sin⁴α cos α − 6sin² α cos³ α + 2sin⁴ α cos α
= 5sin⁴ α cos α − 10sin² α cos³ α + cos⁵α
= 5(1−cos² α)²cos α − 10(1−cos² α)cos³ α + cos⁵ α
= 5cos α (cos⁴ α −2cos² α +1) − 10cos³ α (1−cos² α) + cos⁵ α
= 5cos⁵ α − 10cos³ α + 5cos α − 10cos³ α + 10cos⁵ α + cos⁵ α
= (cos²α −sin²α) (cos³α −3sin²α cos α) − 2sin α cos α (3sin α cos² α −sin³ α)
= cos⁵α − 3sin² α cos³ α − sin² α cos³ α + 3sin⁴α cos α − 6sin² α cos³ α + 2sin⁴ α cos α
= 5sin⁴ α cos α − 10sin² α cos³ α + cos⁵α
= 5(1−cos² α)²cos α − 10(1−cos² α)cos³ α + cos⁵ α
= 5cos α (cos⁴ α −2cos² α +1) − 10cos³ α (1−cos² α) + cos⁵ α
= 5cos⁵ α − 10cos³ α + 5cos α − 10cos³ α + 10cos⁵ α + cos⁵ α
Cos 5α = 16cos⁵α − 20cos³ α
+ 5cos α (terbukti)
56)
Tan 5α = sin 5α/cos
5α
= (5 sin α - 20 sin³ α + 16 sin⁵ α)/(16cos⁵ α - 20cos³ α + 5cosα)
Tan 5α = (5tan α - 10 tan³α + tan⁵α)/ (1-10tan²α + 5tan⁴α) (Terbukti)
= (5 sin α - 20 sin³ α + 16 sin⁵ α)/(16cos⁵ α - 20cos³ α + 5cosα)
Tan 5α = (5tan α - 10 tan³α + tan⁵α)/ (1-10tan²α + 5tan⁴α) (Terbukti)
57)
Sin (6α) =
sin (2 · 3α) = 2sin (3α) cos (3α)
sin (3α) = sin (2α + α) = sin (2α) cos (α) + cos (2α) sin (α)
cos (3α) = cos (2α + α) = cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) cos (α)
sin (2α) = 2sin (α) cos (α)
cos (2α) = cos² (α) - sin² (α)
jadi, kita mendapatkan
2sin (3α) cos (3α) = 2 (sin (2α) cos (α) + cos (2α) sin (α)) (cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) cos (α))
= 2 (2sin (α) cos² (α) + cos² (α) sin (α) - sin³ (α)) (cos³ (α) -sin(α) cos²(α) - 2sin (α) cos²(α))
= 2 (3sin (α) cos²(α) - sin³ (α)) (cos³ (α) - 3sin (α) cos²(α))
= 2 [3sin (α) cos⁵ (α) -9sin² (α) cos⁵ (α) -3sin⁴ (α) cos² (α) + 3sin⁴ (α) cos (α)]
Sin 6α = 6sin (α) cos (α) [cos⁴ (α) - 3sin (α) cos⁴ (α) - sin³ (α) cos (α) + sin³ (α)] (terbukti)
sin (3α) = sin (2α + α) = sin (2α) cos (α) + cos (2α) sin (α)
cos (3α) = cos (2α + α) = cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) cos (α)
sin (2α) = 2sin (α) cos (α)
cos (2α) = cos² (α) - sin² (α)
jadi, kita mendapatkan
2sin (3α) cos (3α) = 2 (sin (2α) cos (α) + cos (2α) sin (α)) (cos (2α) cos (α) - sin (2α) cos (α))
= 2 (2sin (α) cos² (α) + cos² (α) sin (α) - sin³ (α)) (cos³ (α) -sin(α) cos²(α) - 2sin (α) cos²(α))
= 2 (3sin (α) cos²(α) - sin³ (α)) (cos³ (α) - 3sin (α) cos²(α))
= 2 [3sin (α) cos⁵ (α) -9sin² (α) cos⁵ (α) -3sin⁴ (α) cos² (α) + 3sin⁴ (α) cos (α)]
Sin 6α = 6sin (α) cos (α) [cos⁴ (α) - 3sin (α) cos⁴ (α) - sin³ (α) cos (α) + sin³ (α)] (terbukti)
58)
Sin(6α) =
sin(3α + 3α) = 2sin(3α)cos(3α)
sin(3α) = sin(2α + α) = sin(2α)cos(α) + cos(2α)sin(α)
cos(3α) = cos(2α + α) = cos(2α)cos(α) - sin(2α)sin(α)
sin(2α) = 2sin(α)cos(α)
cos(2α) = cos²(α) - sin²(α)
sehingga sin(3α) = 2sin(α)cos²(α) + sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α) = 3sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α).
dan cos(3α) = cos³(α) - cos(α)sin²(α) - 2cos(α)sin²(α) = cos³(α) - 3cos(α)sin²(α).
sin(6α) = 2(3sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α))(cos³(α) - 3cos(α)sin²(α))
= 2(3sin(α)cos⁵(α) - 9(cos(α)sin(α))³ - (sin(α)cos(α))³ + 3cos(α)sin⁵(α))
Sin 6α= 6sin(α)cos⁵(α) - 20(cos(α)sin(α))³ + 6cos(α)sin⁵(α)
sin(3α) = sin(2α + α) = sin(2α)cos(α) + cos(2α)sin(α)
cos(3α) = cos(2α + α) = cos(2α)cos(α) - sin(2α)sin(α)
sin(2α) = 2sin(α)cos(α)
cos(2α) = cos²(α) - sin²(α)
sehingga sin(3α) = 2sin(α)cos²(α) + sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α) = 3sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α).
dan cos(3α) = cos³(α) - cos(α)sin²(α) - 2cos(α)sin²(α) = cos³(α) - 3cos(α)sin²(α).
sin(6α) = 2(3sin(α)cos²(α) - sin³(α))(cos³(α) - 3cos(α)sin²(α))
= 2(3sin(α)cos⁵(α) - 9(cos(α)sin(α))³ - (sin(α)cos(α))³ + 3cos(α)sin⁵(α))
Sin 6α= 6sin(α)cos⁵(α) - 20(cos(α)sin(α))³ + 6cos(α)sin⁵(α)
59)
Sin 6α = sin (4α +2α) = sin4αcos2α + cos4αsin2α =
2sin2α.cos2α.cos2α + (1 – 2 sin²2α)sin2α = 2sin2α (1 – sin²2α) + (1 –
2sin²2α)sin2α = 2 sin2α – 2 sin³2α + sin2α – 2sin³2α = 3sin2α – 4sin³2α
60)
Cos 6α =
cos 3(2α)
cos 3α
= 4 cos³α - 3cos α
cos 6α = 4 [ (2 cos² (α) - 1)³ - 3 ( 2 cos²(α) -1 ) ]
= 4 [ 2 cos² (α) - (1)³ - 3( 2 cos²(α) )² + 3 ( 2 cos² (α) ] - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 4 [ 8 cos⁶ (α) - 1 - 12 cos⁴ (α) + 6 cos² (α) ] - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 32 cos⁶ (α) - 4 - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 24 cos² (α) - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 32 cos⁶ (α) - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 18 cos² (α) - 1
Cos 6α = 32 cos⁶ (α) - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 18 cos² (α) - 1 (terbukti)
cos 6α = 4 [ (2 cos² (α) - 1)³ - 3 ( 2 cos²(α) -1 ) ]
= 4 [ 2 cos² (α) - (1)³ - 3( 2 cos²(α) )² + 3 ( 2 cos² (α) ] - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 4 [ 8 cos⁶ (α) - 1 - 12 cos⁴ (α) + 6 cos² (α) ] - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 32 cos⁶ (α) - 4 - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 24 cos² (α) - 6 cos² (α) + 3
= 32 cos⁶ (α) - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 18 cos² (α) - 1
Cos 6α = 32 cos⁶ (α) - 48 cos⁴ (α) + 18 cos² (α) - 1 (terbukti)
61)
Cos 6α =
cos(4α+2α)
= cos4α cos2α-sin4α sin2α
= [2cos²2α-1][2cos²α-1]-[2sin2αcos2α][2sinαcosα]
= [2(2cos²α-1)²-1][2cos²α-1]-[2*2sinαcosα(2cos²α-1)][2sinαcosα]
= [2(4cos⁴α-4cos²α+1)-1][2cos²α-1]-[8sin²αcos²α(2cos²α-1)]
= [8cos⁴α-8cos²α+1][2cos²α-1]-[8(1-cos²α)cos²α(2cos²α-1)]
= [16cos⁶α-8cos⁴α-16cos⁴α+8cos²α+2cos²α-1]-[(8cos²α-8cos⁴α)(2cos²α-1)]
= [16cos⁶α-24cos⁴α+10cos²α-1]-[16cos⁴α-8cos²α-16cos⁶α+8cos⁴α]
= [16cos⁶α-24cos⁴α+10cos²α-1]-[24cos⁴α-8cos²α-16cos⁶α]
Cos 6α= 32cos⁶α - 48cos⁴α + 18cos²α-1 (terbukti)
= cos4α cos2α-sin4α sin2α
= [2cos²2α-1][2cos²α-1]-[2sin2αcos2α][2sinαcosα]
= [2(2cos²α-1)²-1][2cos²α-1]-[2*2sinαcosα(2cos²α-1)][2sinαcosα]
= [2(4cos⁴α-4cos²α+1)-1][2cos²α-1]-[8sin²αcos²α(2cos²α-1)]
= [8cos⁴α-8cos²α+1][2cos²α-1]-[8(1-cos²α)cos²α(2cos²α-1)]
= [16cos⁶α-8cos⁴α-16cos⁴α+8cos²α+2cos²α-1]-[(8cos²α-8cos⁴α)(2cos²α-1)]
= [16cos⁶α-24cos⁴α+10cos²α-1]-[16cos⁴α-8cos²α-16cos⁶α+8cos⁴α]
= [16cos⁶α-24cos⁴α+10cos²α-1]-[24cos⁴α-8cos²α-16cos⁶α]
Cos 6α= 32cos⁶α - 48cos⁴α + 18cos²α-1 (terbukti)
62)
cos 6α = 2cos²α 3α - 1
= 2(4cos³α - 3cosα)² - 1
= 2(16 cos⁶α + 9cos²α - 24cos²α) - 1
Cos 6α= 32cos⁶α - 48cos⁴α + 18cos²α-1 (terbukti)
= 2(4cos³α - 3cosα)² - 1
= 2(16 cos⁶α + 9cos²α - 24cos²α) - 1
Cos 6α= 32cos⁶α - 48cos⁴α + 18cos²α-1 (terbukti)
63)
Sin 8α = sin 2(4α) kita tahu bahwa
sin 2α = 2sinα.cosα
Sin 2(4α) = 2 sin 4α.cos 4α sehingga
Sin 4α = sin 2(2α) = 2sin2α.cos2α maka
Sin 8α = 2{2sin 2αcos 2α}cos 4α = 4
sin 2αcos 2αcos 4α
Memasukkan sin 2α = 2sinαcosα ke dalam
persamaan
= 2 sin 4αcos4α = 2(2sin2α.cos2α)cos
4α = 4 sin 2αcos 2αcos 4α = 4(2sinα.cosα)cos 2αcos 4α
Sin 8α = 8sinα.cosα.cos2α.cos4α
64)
Cos 8α = cos(4α+4α)
= cos 4α.cos4α – sin 4α.sin4α = cos²4α –
sin²4α
65)
Cos 8α = cos²4α -
sin²4α = (1-sin²4α) – sin²4α = 1 – 2
sin²4α
66)
Cos 8α = cos²4α –
sin²4α = cos²4α – (1 – cos²4α) = 2cos²4α
– 1.
67)
buktikan identitas berikut :sec 2α = ( cot α +
tan α ) / (cot α - tan α)!
= [ (cos α /
sin α )+( sin α / cos α ) ] / [(cos α /
sin α)-(sin α /cos α) ]
= [cos²( α ) + sin²( α) ] / [ cos²( α ) - sin²( α) ]
= 1 / ( cos (2α))
= sec (2α)
= [cos²( α ) + sin²( α) ] / [ cos²( α ) - sin²( α) ]
= 1 / ( cos (2α))
= sec (2α)
68)
Tan
2α= (2 tan α)/(1-tan²α)
69)
Tan 3α = (3tan α -
tan³α)/(1 - 3tan²α)
70)
Tan 4ɑ = {4tanα – 4
tan³α}/{1-6tan²α + tan⁴α}
71)
Tan
5α = (5tan α - 10 tan³α + tan⁵α)/ (1-10tan²α + 5tan⁴α)
72)
Tan 6α = (6tanα - 20tan³α + 6tan⁵α)/ (1-15tan²α + 15tan⁴α - tan⁶α)
73)
Tan 7α = (7tanα - 35tan³α + 21tan⁵α- tan⁷α)/(1-21tan²α + 35tan⁴α - 7tan⁶α)
74)
Tan 8α = (8tanα - 56tan³α +
56tan⁵α - 8tan⁷α)/(1-28tan²α + 70tan⁴α - 28tan⁶α + tan⁸α)
75)
Tan 9α = (9tanα - 84tan³α +
126tan⁵α -36tan⁷α + tan⁹α)/(1- 36tan²α + 126tan⁴α -
84tan⁶α + 9tan⁸α)
76)
Tan 10α = {10tanα – 120tan³α
+252tan⁵α – 120tan⁷α + 10 tan⁹α}/{1 -45tan²α + 210tan⁴α – 120tan⁶α +45tan⁸α –
tan¹°α}
77)
Buktikan bahwa {1 – tan²α}/{1+tan²α} = cos 2α
Ruas kiri = {1 – tan²α}/{1+tan²α} =
{1-(sin²α/cos²α)}/{1+(sin²α/cos²α)}
= {(cos²α/cos²α)-(sin²α/cos²α)}/{(cos²α/cos²α) +
(sin²α/cos²α)}
= (cos²α – sin²α) / (cos²α + sin²α) = cos 2α/1 =
cos 2α ruas kanan
78)
Buktikan bahwa sin 2α = (2cot α)/(1+cot²α)
Ruas kanan = (2cot α)/(1+cot²α) = {2(cos
α/sinα)}/{1+(cos²α/sin²α)}
= (2sin α.cos α)/(sin²α+cos²α) = 2 sinα.cosα = sin 2α
79)
Buktikan bahwa {1 – tan²α}/{1+tan²α}
= cos 2α
Ruas kiri = {1 –
tan²α}/{1+tan²α} = {1-(sin²α/cos²α)}/{1+(sin²α/cos²α)}
=
{(cos²α/cos²α)-(sin²α/cos²α)}/{(cos²α/cos²α) + (sin²α/cos²α)}
= (cos²α – sin²α) / (cos²α
+ sin²α) = cos 2α/1 = cos 2α ruas kanan
80)
Buktikan bahwa sin 2α = (2cot α)/(1+cot²α)
Ruas kanan = (2cot
α)/(1+cot²α) = {2(cos α/sinα)}/{1+(cos²α/sin²α)}
= (2sin α.cos
α)/(sin²α+cos²α) = 2 sinα.cosα = 2 sin α
81)
Cos 2α = 2cos²α – 1
82)
Cos 3α = 4cos³α – 3 cosα
83)
Cos 4α = 8 cos⁴α – 8 cos²α + 1
84)
Cos 5α = 16cos⁵α – 20 cos³α + 5 cos α.
85)
Cos 6α = 32cos⁶α – 48 cos⁴α + 18 cos²α – 1.
86)
Cos 7α = 64cos⁷α – 112 cos⁵α + 56 cos³α – 7cosα
87)
Cos 8α = 128cos⁸α – 256 cos⁶α + 160 cos⁴α – 32cos²α + 1
88)
Cos 9α = 256cos⁹α – 576 cos⁷α + 432 cos⁵α – 120cos³α + 9cosα
89)
Cos 10α = 512cos¹ᵒα
– 1280 cos⁸α + 1120cos⁶α – 400cos⁴α + 50 cos²α – 1
90)
Sin 2α = 2sin α
cosα
91)
Sin 3α = 3sinα –
4sin³α
92)
Sin 4α = 2sin 2α
(1-2sin²α) = 2 sin 2α – 4sin2α sin²α = 4sinα.cosα – 8sin³αcosα
93)
Sin 5α = 5sin α –
20 sin³α + 16sin⁵α
94)
Sin 6α = 3sin 2α –
4sin³2α = 6sinα.cosα-32sin³αcosα+32sin⁵αcosα
95)
Sin 7α = 7sin α –
56sin³α + 112sin⁵α – 64 sin⁷α.
96)
Sin
8α= 8sinαcosα-80sin³αcosα+192sin⁵αcosα-128sin⁷αcosα
97)
Sin
9α = 9sinα-120sin³α+432sin⁵α-576sin⁷α+256sin⁹α
98)
Sin 10α =
10sinαcosα-160sin³αcosα+672sin⁵αcosα-1024sin⁷αcosα+5125sin⁹αcosα
99)
sin(3α) = 3
sin(α) - 4 sin³(α),
100) cos(3α)
= 4 cos³(α) - 3 cos(α),
101) tan(3α)
= [3 tan(α)-tan³(α)]/[1-3 tan²(α)]
102) sin(4α)
= 4 sin(α)cos(α)[2 cos²(α)-1],
103) cos(4α)
= 8 cos⁴(α) - 8 cos²(α) + 1.
104) sin(5α)
= 5 sin(α) - 20 sin³(α) + 16 sin⁵(α),
105) cos(5α) = 16 cos⁵(α) - 20 cos³(α)
+ 5 cos(α).
106) sin(6α) = 2 sin(α)cos(α)[16 cos⁴(α) - 16 cos²(α) + 3],
107) cos(6α) = 32 cos⁶(α) - 48 cos⁴(α) + 18
cos²(α) - 1.
sin(nx) = 2 sin([n-1]x)cos(x) - sin([n-2]x),
cos(nx) = 2 cos([n-1]x)cos(x) -
cos([n-2]x),
tan(nx)
= (tan[(n-1)x]+tan[x])/(1-tan[(n-1)x]tan[x]) karena tan nx = tan{(n-1)x+x} jadi
tan nx = tan{(n-1)x+x}={tan(n-1)x+tanx}/{1-tan(n-1)x.tanx} jika tan (n-1)x =
H/k maka tan nx = {(h/k)+tan x}/{1-(H/k)tanx} maka
tan (nx) = {H+tanx.k}/{k-Htan x}
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